Solar cell is about to usher in a huge market
Countries around the world are strongly encouraged the development of solar PV industry laptop battery. Solar causes of concern throughout the world, one important reason is: As a result of these years of solar PV efforts have polysilicon PV conversion rate reached 15%, monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic conversion rate is 20%, arsenic Gallium PV 25%, in the laboratory of the gallium arsenide photovoltaic cells made even as high as 35% -36%!
Rise in the cost of solar electricity highlights the advantages toshiba battery
In the international market, the current price of solar cells is about 3.15 U.S. dollars per watt, and system prices six U.S. dollars per watt, power generation cost of 0.25 U.S. dollars per kilowatt hour. In other words, solar PV power generation system costs, the United States in 1996 about the cost of coal from 4.8 to 5.5 cents / kWh for 5 times. Taking note of solar PV power generation costs in the desert region and the region in the bright sunshine duration of daily life are very different, so, in fact, the current cost of photovoltaic solar energy is coal-fired electricity costs about 5-8 times.
As a result of coal mining, transportation, use of the process, all or waste residue, waste water, discharges or emissions. Therefore, in calculating the cost of coal power generation, not only to calculate its internal costs, but also the social environment of pollution into account the price paid. In Europe, a 10-year study results showed that the external costs for coal-fired electricity will be as high as 2-15 cents / kWh, which can be calculated for coal-fired electricity "internal cost + external cost" will be from 7.3 to 24.25 cents / kWh, which is coal-fired electricity than 5 cents / kilowatt-hour increase of 50-350%! Therefore, if the cost of solar power generation can be reduced to 10 cents / kWh, it will have huge economic benefits!
There are price cuts of space solar cells
There are many people optimistic about the future of solar PV cells. That by 2020, the cost of photovoltaic cells from the current 25 cents / kilowatt-hour down to 10 cents / kilowatt-hour, it was stated that by 2010 could drop to 10 cents / kWh.
Existing solar PV power generation mode, the majority of the use of fixed position of the large-area flat-plate photovoltaic conversion mode. Extensive use of this model depends on large-scale low-cost and conversion rate of a certain supply of photovoltaic cells. However, if we can have a high conversion rate of the condenser light battery supply, that is, not only in the PV is usually irradiated by sunlight to maintain the 25-35% conversion rate of light but also under the conditions in the condenser, such as sunlight condenser 3-700-fold, and still maintain a high conversion efficiency and long working life, then (of course, the condenser must be accompanied by a light battery-efficient cooling system, or else they would be the sun ablation, will expect to use a smaller number of condenser batteries, photovoltaic power was greater. now in the international market has been such a condenser battery, about the price of an ordinary photocell 5-10 times, and its photoelectric conversion efficiency is as high as 30 %. If the human can be such a large-scale production of photovoltaic concentrator, then the cost of solar photovoltaic power generation, will be able to track the sun moved to the condenser rotation and mirror called Tingri production and operation costs. So, people will can we expect "Tingri cheap and high conversion rate mirror + battery + high-efficiency condenser cooling system" of power generation mode, a large area than the existing flat-plate photovoltaic cells have greater room for price cuts.
Fuel cell vehicle popularization of the subject: to increase the distance for travel, reduce costs
"If we want to truly universal fuel cell vehicle, the biggest issue is to increase the traveling distance and continuous cost reduction toshiba tecra a3 battery, toshiba tecra a4 battery," in January 19, 2005 Tokyo International Exhibition Center BigSight opening of the "1st International Fuel Cell Exhibition" organized by the thematic technical seminar, Toyota Motor FC technology development of this FC so Kawai said the ocean.
The company's December 2, 2002 is limited to rental of the fuel cell vehicle "FCHV", the continuous moving distance in 10.15 mode for 300km. This is about filling 130L, 35MPa hydrogen value at the time. However, "when the actual driving, driving for a distance of more than 200 km" (Kawai). The petrol-engined car a minimum of 500km, hybrid Prius gasoline engine is running with the performance of a continuous 700km. So if not for the distance to travel about 500km, it is estimated will not be able to let consumers easily accept. FCHV and as such a large fuel tank 130L, "with no way to 'Vios' and' Corolla 'and other small vehicles." He frankly said that the need for higher energy density hydrogen storage technology. Even a 70MPa high-pressure hydrogen tank enough.
To this end, the company said it would cooperate fully with the global R & D institutions, to continue the development of high-pressure hydrogen tank, hydrogen storage alloy tank, liquid hydrogen tank, carbon nanotubes, as well as a variety of chemical hydride hydrogen storage technology. Goal is the same with the existing fuel tank size and weight conditions for the realization of the same driving distance of a row. Incidentally, the existing areas of high pressure hydrogen tank, 35MPa, 70L tank of hydrogen, such as the conversion of petrol by only 6L. 130L high-pressure hydrogen tank is only 12L.
Kawai also said that "if able to issue this type of hydrogen storage technology, installed in the car's the possibility of modification is very large." Modification is the subject of browser start-up time is too long. Now the need for petrol-engined cars will be able to start 0.1 seconds, very large gap. The main reason is that as the current fuel cell vehicle equipped with the solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC), will produce a large number of carbon monoxide, it will need time to clear it up.
The company is expected to improve the situation that one of the products that the company published in 2004, "hydrogen-based fuel cell membranes" (HMFC). From its start-up time less than 30 seconds theoretically. "First of all, hydrogen can be used as a filling or the auxiliary power (APU). And then, you can use it to create a 5 ~ 10 seconds to start the car"
"One Chutian": Dongfeng successful development of fuel cell vehicles
Dongfeng Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle "Chutian One," recently passed the acceptance. By the recall, and YI Bao-lian, Zhang Shourong three academicians of the expert group headed by that "Chutian One" vehicle to reach the domestic advanced level, and international level synchronization.
According to researchers, the "Chutian One" from "Elysee" modified cars toshiba tecra a5 battery, toshiba tecra a6 battery, the maximum speed of 103 kilometers. Its fuel cell engine uses a unique single-stack design, the size of the traditional engine, suitable for installation in the cockpit cars, car insurance can be the same shape and have high power, fast response, characterized by strong output power.
This is the second development of Shanghai's "beyond its" after the success of our research and development of a second type of fuel cell car-like vehicles.
